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ADHD Stimulant Medication

Stimulant medications are the first-line treatment for ADHD. They have a history of a strong response, good tolerance, and safety throughout the life span.

It is important to determine the appropriate dosage and medication that eases the symptoms of your child or yourself without side negative effects. This often takes many trials and error, as well as open communication with your doctor.

Stimulants

Stimulants are medications that increase the activity of the central nervous system. Students artists, athletes, workers, and others use these drugs to improve their cognitive and performance. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Amphetamines and methylphenidates as well as other stimulant drugs are the most commonly used.

FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in both immediate-release and prolonged-release formulations. Immediate-release medication is usually taken every 4 hours. They can trigger a sudden, short-term decrease in energy called a crash once they have worn off. The crash may cause extreme craving, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medications also can increase heart rate and blood pressure in certain people, particularly when they don't eat enough.

Extended-release drugs are designed to release their active ingredients over a period of 8 to 16 hours. Your doctor may recommend this type of medication if you want lasting symptom control and do not need to take a pill multiple times a day. Methylphenidate products in the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Another option is the long-acting methylphenidate patch called Daytrana which adheres to the skin like a bandage and lasts for the entire day. This type of medication can be prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD and require daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options.

Stimulant medication does not cure ADHD but it can assist manage the symptoms by improving the way neurons in the brain communicate. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, like dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. This permits the release of more neurotransmitters which aids in the transmission and reception of messages between neurons.

In addition to stimulants, doctors sometimes prescribe antidepressants for ADHD. The majority of antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine serotonin, and dopamine in your brain. One of the groups, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is a good choice for people suffering from anxiety or depression, too. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Your doctor can switch between stimulant and non-stimulant medication if your current medication isn't effective or has intolerable side effects.

Long-acting

Around 70% to 80% children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They can also improve the performance of your job and improve your social skills.

The stimulant medication starts to work once it has crossed the blood-brain barrier that can take 45 to 60 minutes. They increase the levels dopamine and Norepinephrine within brain cells, which decreases the intensity of impulses and hyperactivity. The FDA-approved stimulant medications contain two molecules called Methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). The stimulants can trigger side effects including upset stomach and decreased appetite, elevated heart rate and blood pressure, headaches, and nervousness or anxiety. They can also make tics more severe and can cause sleep problems in some people.

Long-acting stimulants like Strattera or Wellbutrin, are effective all day and night. The short-acting drugs are only effective for a few hours. They can also help with other conditions like depression or anxiety.

These medicines work by altering the way your body regulates chemicals known as monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases, or enzymes, break down dopamine as well as other neurotransmitters inside the brain. If these chemicals aren't eliminated, they stay in your body for a longer time, which affects your behavior and thinking. Long-acting drugs can have lesser negative effects. Your doctor may prescribe them in smaller doses that you take throughout the day.

Some stimulants come in extended-release form that you can take once every day. This is a good option for some adults, however it's crucial to remember that you should take them daily.

Other medications have been found to be effective for a lot of people suffering from ADHD such as selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are usually prescribed for anxiety or depression but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of people respond to these drugs. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is another SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been demonstrated to be more effective than placebos in a controlled study. These drugs can cause serious adverse effects, including ringing of the ears anxiety, changes in heart and lung function.

Short-acting

Stimulant medications reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing levels dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain. These are two chemicals that aid people in focusing and manage their behavior. They are available in many forms, and each has their own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two major kinds of stimulant drugs such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). All have similar effects, but their duration of action is different types of adhd medication. The methylphenidates can have a shorter-lasting effect, lasting up to three hours. Amphetamines on the contrary hand have a longer-lasting effect.

Some people tolerate stimulant medications better than others, which is why your doctor might prescribe them. It is essential to know all you can about the drug and its possible side effects, how often it is recommended to take it and any specific warnings that must be observed. This will help you and your doctor decide on the right medication for you.

These medications may also cause some adverse side effects like insomnia or a decrease in appetite. Consult your physician if you experience these side effects. You may have to adjust the dosage or try another drug.

Adults with ADHD who prescribes adhd medication do not respond well to stimulants may be treated with non-stimulant medications that take longer to start working but can improve the ability of a person to pay attention and manage impulses. These medications can be prescribed either in combination or on their own.

Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree is the first. It works by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex that regulates behavior. Another is guanfacine (brand name Intuniv), which belongs to a class of drugs called alpha agonists. These drugs work by preventing reuptake and increasing the level of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was developed to treat high blood pressure, but has also been shown to help those suffering from ADHD.

Combinations

There are a number of combinations of drugs used by those suffering from ADHD. This includes stimulants that are depressant-type drugs such as clonidine and guanfacine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain and can help reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They can also reduce withdrawal symptoms caused by stimulants. This combination could be risky, however, if it is not used correctly. Serotonin Syndrome is a drug emergency which occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination may also increase blood pressure and heart rate. Heart disease sufferers or those with high blood pressure are at higher risk of developing adverse effects from this medication.

Combinations of stimulants are increasingly being used by teenagers and young adults. These substances, which are sold in pharmacies, are sometimes referred to by the term "legal highs". They are also available on the black market. These substances can be dangerous especially when mixed with alcohol and other substances. The use of multiple drugs can be risky. Mixing drugs can cause unpredictable and harmful effects. This includes an increase in heart rate, decreased breathing, hallucinations and paranoia.

A study showed that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD. Combining medication increased the adherence of patients and helped them experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However there were many patients who stopped their treatment because of side effects. In some cases it was reported that the medication was withdrawn because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be the result of a poor diagnosis, or a inaccessibility to medications.

Nonstimulants can also be used to treat ADHD. These drugs are effective in improving the quality of attention and impulse control however, they do not perform as well as stimulants. They are also less likely to block growth and affect appetite. Certain antidepressants may also be prescribed for ADHD. However they have a lower chance of improving focus and concentration.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield superior results than either alone. Combining these two medications helped improve compliance and reduced the risk of side effects for most people. The combination proved effective for young adults and adolescents. This combination may be a viable option for children with severe safest adhd medication for adults.